Horrors of Animal Testing Essay - 657 Words

Animal testing for human safety is inhumane and must be banned. Beloved house pets such as rodents, rabbits and even dogs are being tested on all over the world. These powerless and voiceless animals are intentionally given dreadful diseases to find cures while scientists could be finding alternative ways of testing instead of using our furry friends. Furthermore, the tests are not precise because there have been products found to cause cancer in animals but also cures human ailments. Why are humans authorised to conduct such inhumane things, who gave humans the power of heartlessly torturing feeble animals? Rodents and rabbits have become the animal of choice for scientists to use for testing because they are the few animals still†¦show more content†¦These processes are more accurate than testing on rabbits because there can be a tangible result to the product instead of the subjective guesses of scientists monitoring the redness and swelling of the unfortunate rabbit. (Choose cruelty free n.d). Cosmetic companies performing tests on animals can, as an alternative, use human volunteers. They can use them by placing the product on the volunteers’ upper back and covering it for up to two days to determine whether it is bothersome. This type of test is more appropriate than testing on rabbits because the subject, unlike animals, can describe any symptoms that are occurring (Choose cruelty free n.d). Animal testing is placing animals in unnecessary pain and discomfort and must be stopped. There have been products found to be harmful against animals but life saving to humans and vice versa; these tests are inaccurate. The drugs tested on these creatures would and do act differently on that specific animal than to humans. Drug testing on rats to determine whether it is safe on humans is not accurate because rats are a totally different genotype than humans their reactions to the drugs are different (Hussein EM et al 2008). Also scientists have found a cure to cancer in mice but this cure is incompatible with humans (BUAV n.d). Furthermore, eye irritability tests that are conducted on rabbits are not precise because rabbitsShow MoreRelatedThe Horror that is Animal Testing 970 Words   |  4 Pages do you know what animals have gone through to get it on the shelves? It is something we’ll never have to imagine going through, so why should animals? Animal testing is not necessary. Animals simply don’t have a choice if they want to be experimentd on. What m akes me angry, is there are alternative methods to testing, so animals don’t need to suffer. Animals have to endure terrible pain, fear, and loneliness, which is cruel and mean on our part. The pros and cons to testing don’t even out. ClearyRead More Horrors of Animal Research, Testing, and Experimentation Essay1648 Words   |  7 PagesThe Horrors of Animal Testing    The torture and murder of millions of animals annually has been occurring for centuries now. Every year we ignore it, and every year the numbers grow. The act of vivisection or the practice of experimenting on animals began because of religious prohibitions against dissection of human corpses. After religious leaders lifted these prohibitions, it was too late. Vivisection had become a major part of medical and educational research. As well as major part of productRead MoreAnimals Is Inhumane, And Animal Testing853 Words   |  4 PagesFollowing along, testing on animals is inhumane, and animal testing, an unbearable act, is universally unwanted by all. Not just animal lovers peering in through the outside disapprove or have a disliking for the tests, but also those from within (and not just the animals) have a distaste for the tests too. Animal testing may hope to advance humans (and lifestyles), whilst preventing or delaying deaths and unnecessarily assuring a cosmetic’s sa fety, but (ironically) at the expense or reverse ofRead MoreAnimal Experimentation Essay812 Words   |  4 Pagesyears now people have been using animal experimentation to create new ways to help save the human race. There are people who believe that it does help, and that it is necessary to continue, while others oppose and want to fight for the elimination of animal experimentation. Scientists fight for the cures needed to help man kind, but struggle to do so as people fight against their work in progress. But as Jennifer A. Hurley stated, â€Å"History has already shown that animal experimentation is not essentialRead MoreShould We Still Be Using Animals As Our Test Subjects?942 Words   |  4 PagesShould we still be using animals as our test subjects in 2014? Some people say animal testing is good because it helps us find cures to serious illnesses, but in fact the chances of a cure which works on humans has a very slim success to failure ratio. The best DNA match for human s are humans themselves. I strongly believe that we should not be testing on animals and should be using alternative testing methods such as in vitro (test tube) or in silico (computer modelling). One of the main reasonsRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Morally Wrong? Essay1373 Words   |  6 PagesHumans are animals, and as such it is morally wrong to use them to test pharmaceuticals intended for use by humans. Those who support animal experimentation believe it is a necessary evil, in part due to the false information put out by the media. The so-called benefits of animal testing have not helped humans for years, yet in many countries the law still requires researchers use animals to test their medications. In fact, although alternatives have been found, few steps have been taken to put anRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Morally Wrong? Essay1305 Words   |  6 PagesSeeing as humans are animals it is morally wrong to use animals to test human products. Due to the false information put out by the media, those who support animal believe what the media states about it being a necessary evil. The so-called benefits from animal testing have not helped humans for years, but is now legally re quired in many countries. Although alternatives have been found, few steps have been taken to put an end to animal experimentation. The way activists present their argument isRead MorePersuasive Essay On Animal Testing1521 Words   |  7 Pagesmillion animals are killed each year in the name of animal testing. Now as some might say that sacrifice is needed for the common good, it is safe to say that animal testing may be taking it over the top to get such test results for the common good. Animal testing has been a common practice for many years to get results and side effects for food, drugs, pesticides, beauty products, and just about everything one uses in an average day. But now, in the modern world where ethics and animals rightsRead MoreAnimal Testing Is An Act Of Animal Cruelty952 Words   |  4 Pagesmillions of animals are stuck inside cold, locked cages in laboratories across the country. They dwindle in pain, throb with loneliness, and yearn to roam free and use their ow n minds. Instead, all they do is lie and wait in despair for the next terrifying and agonizing operation that is to be performed on them. They shudder and wince in fear whenever someone walks past their cage. After surviving lives of pain, isolation, and horror, near to all of them will be killed. Although animal testing bringsRead MoreVivisection Essay example1710 Words   |  7 PagesEvery year in the USA about 70 million animals are experimented on (Monamy 34). Almost all these animals are euthanized after they are no longer needed. But I’m not going to focus on the moral aspect of this subject because that would be a never ending argument of opinions. After doing research I found that there are more important reasons why this practice should be modified. Our government’s dependence on vivisection should be toned down or totally replaced because it is misleading, its faulty

Sexism and New York City - 1459 Words

The city serves as a home to all the voyeurs, vagabonds and flaneurs that the world has to offer. The city is inviting to all people from all walks of life, it says â€Å"Come in, grab a seat and while you’re at it observe all the beauty that is around you.† It comes as no surprise that when walking through the complex streets and alley ways of the city you are under constant surveillance from all; whether it be the advertisement models on the billboards or the people on the second floor of the TGIFriday’s across the street. As a city walker, you find yourself in the gaze of others and at times those others even attract your gaze as well. While there might not be any real harm in simply looking someone’s way, a gaze can be a very dangerous thing to be caught in if you are a woman. Much like our American media, the city is saturated in catering to the male gaze. This means objectifying and subjecting woman into lesser roles under men. The male gaze can lead to dangerous situations for a woman on her own in the city and although many people argue that sexism no longer exists in our world, or the world of New York City I can assure you that it still permeates our society in ways we simply deem â€Å"human nature.† Sexism has become so common in our society that people hardly even notice it at all. Whether it take the form of cat calling specific gender roles, sexism has become a major problem in our world and, more importantly, the city. Imagine for a moment that you are a woman gettingShow MoreRelatedAin ´t I a Women?: Sojourner Truth ´s Speech on Women ´s Rights Essay586 Words   |  3 Pagesevaluating the impact of sexism and racism that black women were subjected to, the history of the feminist movements, and the civil rights movements. In essence, the short and simple speech became and continues to act as a standard expression of the rights of women because it was a powerful rebuke to the then anti-feminist arguments while making her to become a symbol of strong women. The author of the speech, Sojourner Truth, was born into slavery in the state of New York as Isabella Baumfree iRead More Social Stratification and The Movie Sweet Home Alabama Essay1030 Words   |  5 Pagescharacter. The main character Melanie Carmichael left her small town Alabama home and achieved an impressive upward social mobility. She began her life as a daughter of a respectful working class family to become a world famous fashion designer in New York City. At the beginning of the movie, Andrew, the mayor’s son, proposes to Melanie. She says yes, but before she can marry him, she has to clear up a not so final divorce with Jake, her high school sweetheart she left behind. Melanie is now caughtRead MoreInterpersonal Violence And Promoting Gender Justice829 Words   |  4 PagesCONNECT, Inc., is a New York City nonprofit organization dedicated to preventing interpersonal violence and promoting gender justice. It was founded in 1993 in NYC, and operates at a local level. CONNECT is a leading, non-profit training, educational and advocacy organization dedicated to the prevention and elimination of interpersonal violence. CONNECT’s multi-level approaches deal with both the systemic and individual roots of violence. In order to align with CONNECT’S mission, a major goal includesRead MoreDiscrimination Against Islamic Women Essay1118 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is sexism? Does sexism even exist? These questions are commonly asked by students and adults alike since this particular topic has seemingly eluded the awareness of most. Sexism is frequently the discrimination of women and/or favoritism of men. It is astonishingly prevalent and incredibly real in society. For instance, sexism in Arabic, Islamic countries, such as Afghanistan, is rampant and, unfortunately, not under control. Extremists believe sexism is merely a figment of the accuser’sRead MoreWilliam Douglas s Enlightened Sexism : The Seductive Message That Feminism s Work Is Done By Susan Douglas1656 Words   |  7 PagesI. Bibliographic Reference Douglas, S. J. (2010). Enlightened sexism. New York City, New York: Times Books. II. Author’s Background (about 1 paragraph) Susan Douglas is a woman herself, she has gone through the experience that many women have to go through. Because she, herself, is a woman, she is able to speak upon the subject with experience. She knows what she is talking about when it comes to women stereotypes. She is also a feminist academic, columnist, and focuses her writing on gender issuesRead MoreGender Inequality Is A Grave Issue Throughout The History Of Time972 Words   |  4 PagesBonner also raises a correlation between geographical locations and the amount of freedom that a woman has; she believes women can have more freedom in the city. Usually women are to be seen and not to be heard, Bonner mentions, â€Å"You hear that up in New York this is to be seen; that to be heard† (Bonner 110). She tells women to go back to the city where they can be more comfortable in their skin. Bonner lived below the line, in that states were slavery was legal. She saw the struggles of living belowRead MoreThe Summer People, By Shirley Jackson And Smoke Ghost By Fritz Leiber1649 Words   |  7 PagesJackson and â€Å"Smoke Ghost† by Fritz Leiber. Each of these stories has succeeded in broadening my horizons and has taught me something important about the world in which we live. Weird fiction stories cover a wide range of important issues including sexism, the social structure of tourist towns and the disparity of the working class. In the introduction to the book Weird Fiction by S. T. Joshi, different aspects of the weird tale are examined. Joshi states that â€Å"the weird tale†¦did notRead MoreAnalysis Of Emma Amoss Sandy And Her Husband992 Words   |  4 Pagesand this significance also underlies Amoss work.†This is a true statement, because Amos uses vibrant or bold colors in most of her paintings. On the other hand, Amos does not like to be known as a woman of color. When Amos came to New York City she realized that New York artists were for males. Even though she worked with male artists in spiral she still felt downgraded. After spiral ended she decided to go on her own path. Her style in her artwork was very interesting because she cultivated her ownRead MoreGraffiti And Other Artistic Writings1362 Words   |  6 Pageskept hidden from view. 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Risks of Nursing Essay - 1383 Words

According to Dictionary.com a nurse is a person formally educated and trained in the care of the sick or infirm. The encyclopedia states that a nursing diagnosis may be a part of the nursing process and is a clinical judgment about individual, family, or community experiences or responses to actual or potential health problems that life processes. The actual nursing diagnosis could possibly be a factor before one can even become a certified nurse. The nursing diagnosis is a critical part of making sure all the knowledge for the practice is obtained precisely. Risk factors for nurses are currently at its highest peak, because of a lot of new diseases that have spread overtime. Although local hospitals and the government have been able to†¦show more content†¦Unlike regular people that visit the hospital nurses are around patients all the time. The nurses are more prone to receiving all different types of infections, sicknesses, and diseases. Nurses not only can receive certai n types of sicknesses and diseases from being around in a sick environment, but also certain disinfected sprays. For example the first disinfecting spray alkaline glutaralyhede, is a disinfectant is used to sterilize medical instruments. Research in the article of the Assessment of Patients, found that the certain type of spray has association with respiratory problems and often results in respiratory therapy. The hospitals worldwide try their best to enforce the rules of preventing client to nurse transmission, but sometimes the sickness is bigger than they think. â€Å"A communicable disease is caused by an infectious agent that is spread from person to person, either directly or indirectly. In their practice, nurses may accidentally or inadvertently transmit a communicable disease to clients† (crnbc.ca/). The article, Injection Safety states that,† The reuse of needles, syringes and other injection or infusion equipment can result in transmission of blood borne patho gens, endangering patients/residents and staff.† Injection Safety is prevented by making sure one does not reuse needles and syringes. Although it may seem simple and very unbelievable that one might forget; it is not. Majority of needles and syringes that areShow MoreRelatedRisk Management Nursing Documentation Nur 4921008 Words   |  5 PagesRisk Management Nursing Documentation Oscar Chavez NUR 492 May 4, 2012 Susan Dean, RN, MSN, FNP Risk Management Nursing Documentation The issue of documentation of patient care has received considerable attention in the last few years for an array of reasons. 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Falls greatly affect all types of health care including; acute care, long-term care, and nursing homes, becomingRead MoreFall Safety Risks Of Nursing Homes And Hospitals1784 Words   |  8 Pages Fall Safety Risks in Nursing Homes and Hospitals Frankie Farrant NU 322 11/11/15 Fall Safety Risks in Nursing Homes and Hospitals Falls are easily one of the biggest safety risks to any patient in acute or chronic care. Falls themselves can result in secondary problems that can change a patient’s life and every precaution should be taken to prevent falls in the first place, no matter where care is being given. Many precautions and plans have been made by many different types ofRead MoreFall Risks Of The Older Adult Client And Nursing Interventions1234 Words   |  5 Pages Fall Risks in the Older Adult Client and Nursing Interventions to Prevent Them Debra A. Arnold Oakland Community College Fall Risks in the Older Adult Client and Nursing Interventions to Prevent Them Many people believe that falling is a normal part of the aging process and that if a person lives long enough they will eventually suffer a fall. It is true that some of the physiological changes that occur in every older adult as a normal part of the agingRead MoreThe Need For Classification Of Nursing Data1559 Words   |  7 PagesThe Need for Classification of Nursing Data in EHRs In the healthcare industry, nursing is underrepresented in the development of healthcare policies. Current nursing practice depends on the use of standardized nursing terminology and documentation to accurately communicate and identify nursing diagnoses, nursing care provided, and interventions that were performed within healthcare disciplines process (Mennella Caple, 2016). 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NISs also provide the means to decrease double documentation and assist with more precise compliance with legal documentation requirements.[2] However, the lack of clinical decision support tools make it difficult for nurses to document guideline implementation and to determine the effects of the nursing care. To address this ,we created a patients’ risk assessment electronic system. ThisRead MoreHCS451 Risk Assessment Summary811 Words   |  4 PagesTerm Care is a 40 bed skilled nursing facility, specializing in Alzheimers and dementia patients. The management team at Agape has decided to make risk management a focus in the upcoming year, and has hired a consultant to perform an assessment and formulate a plan for risk management. Long term care facilities serve over 3 million Americans, and that number is growing every year. (Rubbens, 2007)With the boom in the need for long term care, comes more risks. 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Case Study of Macroeconomic Analysis Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: 1.Do you think that a fall in interest rate would lead to an increase in business investment? Why? 2.Assume that there has been a rise in business investment in response to the lower interest rates, what would happen to aggregate demand curve, real GDP and price level? Discuss using an appropriate diagram? Answer: Introduction The present study is based on macroeconomic analysis by considering current steps taken by the Australian Prime Minister for better management of the current situation of the country. The study is bifurcated into two parts. The first part of the study deals with the relationship of interest rate and business investment and consequence on investment if interest rate reduces. The second part of the study is based on the relationship of aggregate demand and business investment and consequence on aggregate demand if business investment increases. For better understanding description is supported by appropriate examples and theories. 1. Owing to the step taken by the Australian Prime Minister of cutting down expenditure in all fronts, to reduce government budget deficit resulting in reluctance among people to spend and invest, the Reserve Bank of Australia has lowered the official cash rate, and consequently, commercial banks have lowered their interest rates for the borrowers. Lower Interest rates persuade people and businesses to make the additional investment, boost the spending potential, which ultimately gives rise to the economy in the phase of sluggish economic growth. The Reserve Bank of Australia is in charge of setting interest rates for Australia through monetary policy use (Mankiw, 2014). The RBA adjusts interest rates in order to affect the market demand for goods, services investments, borrowings and businesses. Interest rate fluctuations have an immense effect on the stock market, inflation in the market, investments made by people, borrowing capacity of business and the economy as a whole. RBAs most powerful tool to reduce insecurity among public and raise their investment spending and thereby push the country out of phase of the recession (Baker, Bloom and Davis, 2016). Therefore reducing the interest rates would naturally lead to increase in business investment. The reason behind the logic of lower interest rates and higher investment capacity is that lower rates signify the presence of ample amount of money to get into the system. With lower cash reserve rates banks have huge cash on hand, which raises their interest to lend it to people and businesses, and therefore, they reduce the interest rate on bank loans, overdrafts and current accounts (Malkiel, 2015). Another side of the reduced rates of interest is also reflected in the more competitive price of goods and services, all because it lowers the financing cost of operations, manufacturing and distribution processes for companies. This also attracts people to make or raise investment into the stock market which would result in higher returns than the bank deposits and bonds. This eventually makes credit card debt more expensive in comparison to other loans, since their money can earn high returns on several other investments, they use their extra money for paying down their credit cards . Thereby ultimately RBA uses monetary policy to stabilize the economy. The RBA controls the central fund rate influencing long-term interest rates, charged by banking institutions internally for overnight loans of reserves needed to meet minimum reserve requirements, eventually leading to increased investment spending, employment in market, output and inflation. Lowered interest rates help in business planning too. During this time companies plan for expansion since the cost of expansion is lowered. Due to such expansion, employment is generated leading to higher pay scales (Lung, 2014). Eventually, money flows into the consumer sector with attractive options of purchases, resulting in increased consumer purchases. More buying due to more spending capacity leads to higher prices, more profits and more production to meet growing consumer demand, and the cycle goes on. InMacroeconomics the relationship of investment and interest rate is best described by the investment/saving (IS) curve, a graphical representation of two intersecting curves. IS-LM model is a variation of the income-expenditure model integrating the interest rates in the market (demand), while the liquidity preference/money supply equilibrium (LM) curve portrays money available for investing (supply). The model helps to explain in a pictorial form, decisions of investors with money available and the amount of interest they will receive. The state of Equilibrium is achieved when the amount of investment is equal to the amount available to invest. Another relationship is the money market, where the volume of money demanded increases with collective income and decreases with the interest rate. The IS curve is the negative relationship between interest rate and output. 2. Aggregate Demand: Aggregate Demand is the summation of overall demand of goods and services in the economy. Its the macroeconomic term which defines the relationship between each and everything purchased with the boundaries of country and its prices. Everything purchased is same as everything produced within the country. It is equivalent to the gross domestic product of that economy (Cingano, 2014). Aggregate demand curve reflects the quantity demanded at each price in the economy. It is same to same as demand curve in microeconomics. It shows how demand changes in response to price. Components of Aggregate Demand are as follows: Consumer Spending: Its the amount which an individual spends on final goods and services which are not used for investment. Goods purchased for resale are not included in this. They are considered as an investment. Investments spending by business: It includes spending on equipments, building, machinery and inventory. Government spending on goods and services: It doesnt include unilateral payments such as Social security, Medicare and Medicaid because these don't increase demand (Choi and Holmes, 2014). Difference between Exports and Imports: It is net of exports from imports of goods and services within an economy. Aggregate Demand= C+I+G+(X-M) As per views of Burdekin and Langdana (2015), if there is a fall in interest rates then it will lead to increase in business spending and spending on final goods and services. In Short run, a rise in business investment will lead to change in Aggregate Demand. It will shift the aggregate demand curve towards the right. Considering an example if interest rates are reduced from 7% to 5 % and it has increased business investment by $50 billion per year. Assuming that multiplier is 2 then Aggregate Demand curve will shift rightwards by $100 billion. At the price level of 1.0 GDP demand rises from $8000 to $8100. Investment adds to the capital stock of capital and amount or quantity of capital available to an economy is a crucial factor in its productivity. Increase in investment also causes an upward shift in production possibility curve. It also implies that in the Long run also Aggregate Demand curve will take a forward shift if there is an increase in investment. In the long run, it also increases the nations stock of capital and as well as human capital. Apart from reducing the interest rates, there are also other factors which increase the Aggregate Demand i.e. Increase in Consumer Spendings, Increase in Exports or Decrease in Imports and Increase in Government Expenditure on final goods and services (Balassa, 2014). The increment in these factors will lead to rightward in AD Curve. All of these effects are the inverse of the factors that tend to decrease aggregate demand. Reduction in official cash rate will lead commercial banks to reduce the lending rate for borrowers. Simultaneously it will reduce the intensity of individuals for savings and will motivate them and business to spend on investments. Accordingly, with the increase in investment Aggregate demand will also increase in both short run and long run. In the long run, this will not also increase the physical capital of the nation but also the human capital of the nation. Conclusion In accordance with the present study; it can be concluded that interest rate and business investment has a negative correlation as with the reduction of interest rate there is an increase in business investment. Further business investment and aggregate demand of economy shares positive relationship as with the increase in business investment there is a right shift in aggregate demand curve of the economy which shows an overall increment of demand in the economy. References Baker, S.R., Bloom, N. and Davis, S.J., 2016. Measuring economic policy uncertainty.The Quarterly Journal of Economics,131(4), pp.1593-1636. Balassa, B., 2014. Development Strategies'.InternationalEconomics and Development: Essays in Honor of Ral Prebisch, p.159. Burdekin, R. and Langdana, F., 2015.Budget deficits and economic performance (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Choi, D.F. and Holmes, M.J., 2014. Budget deficits and real interest rates: a regime-switching reflection on Ricardian Equivalence.Journal of Economics and Finance,38(1), pp.71-83. Cingano, F., 2014. Trends in income inequality and its impact on economic growth. Lung, T.Y., 2014. The Influence Study of Investment Optimization Timing Toward Debt Financing Under Interest Rate Uncertainty by Data Probability Analysis.Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences,35(4), pp.379-385. Malkiel, B.G., 2015.Term structure of interest rates: expectations and behaviour patterns. Princeton University Mankiw, N.G., 2014.Principles of macroeconomics. Cengage Learning. Willett, T.D. and Laney, L.O., 2014. Monetarism, budget deficits, and wage push inflation: the cases of Italy and the UK.PSL Quarterly Review,31(127).